History and Research: Wroxeter Roman City

The south wall of the basilica is one of the largest freestanding pieces of Roman masonry left from Roman Britain

Though a small village today, Wroxeter was the fourth largest town in Roman Britain by area, covering some 78 ha (180 acres), almost the same size as Pompeii in Italy. Its true size can best be judged by the scale of the surviving defences and the much-denuded ramparts. More important than its size, however, is the excellent state of preservation that the site enjoys. Its relatively remote location has meant that there has been little disturbance of the archaeological remains of the Roman town by later occupation.

History

A fortress from about AD 47, military Wroxeter became a civilian settlement from about AD 90 and thrived for 400 years, before being quietly abandoned in the late antique period.   A small village then grew up around the ford at the south end of the town, tucked in behind the Roman town defence, with an Anglo-Saxon church built from reused Roman masonry.

History of Wroxeter

Significance

Wroxeter presents a uniquely complete and self-contained set of archaeological remains that have enormous potential to inform our understanding of how Roman towns worked and how they related to their surroundings. The post-Roman periods, while less well represented, nonetheless offer a typical picture of medieval village settlement around a church progressing to high Victorian farming practice.

Significance of Wroxeter

Research

This section consists of a review of the major studies that have contributed to our growing understanding of Wroxeter in the Roman and medieval periods.

Research on Wroxeter

About the author

Dr Roger White FSA is Academic Director at the Ironbridge Institute and Senior Lecturer in Archaeology at the University of Birmingham. He worked as an excavator at Wroxeter from 1976 to 1990. 

About Portico

Portico is the area of the English Heritage website dedicated to exploring the history and significance of the 400 or so sites in the care of English Heritage.

More on Portico

Buy the guidebook

The Wroxeter guidebook is one of a suite of authoritative and beautifully illustrated guides that help to bring our properties to life with their photographs, plans and reconstruction drawings.

Wroxeter guidebook