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Medieval: Warfare

The Norman Conquest was achieved largely thanks to two instruments of war previously unknown in England: the mounted, armoured knight, and the castle. The former was a key factor in William the Conqueror’s triumph at Hastings, while the latter dramatically militarised the English landscape.

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Medieval Architecture

For more than a century after the Battle of Hastings, all substantial stone buildings in England were built in the Norman style, which was superseded from the later 12th century by a new style – the Gothic.

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Margoth: A Cross-Dressing Medieval Spy

In 1265 a female royalist spy, dressed as a man, gathered vital intelligence on a rebel army which was camped outside Kenilworth Castle. We explore what light this episode sheds on cross-dressing and espionage in medieval England.